点击预览图片全屏展示图片，背景添加蒙层，再次点击图片返回
组件

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<template>
  <!-- 过渡动画 -->
  <transition name="fade">
    <div class="img-view" @click="closePreview">
      <img :src="imgSrc" alt="加载失败">
    </div>
  </transition>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  props: ['imgSrc'],
  methods: {
    closePreview () {
      // 发送事件
      this.$emit('clickPreview')
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
/*动画*/
.fade-enter-active,
.fade-leave-active {
  transition: all 0.2s linear;
  transform: translate3D(0, 0, 0);
}
.fade-enter,
.fade-leave-active {
  transform: translate3D(100%, 0, 0);
}
/* Preview */
.img-view {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 9999;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}
/*不限制图片大小，实现居中*/
.img-view img {
  width: 800px;
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);
  z-index: 10000;
}
</style>

使用

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<template>
  <img
    :src="imgSrc"
    title="图片"
    style="width:102px;margin-right:10px;"
    @click="clickImg(imgSrc)"
  >

  <!-- 图片放大组件 -->
  <preview v-if="showImg" @clickPreview="closePreview" :imgSrc="imgSrc" />
</template>

<script>
import Preview from '@/components/Preview'

export default {
  components: { Preview },
  data() {
    return {
    // 图片放大控制数据
      showImg: false,
      imgSrc: ''
    }
  },
  methods: {
    // 图片放大控制事件
    clickImg (imgSrc) {
      if (imgSrc) {
        this.imgSrc = imgSrc
        this.showImg = true
      }
    },
    // 关闭事件
    closePreview () {
      this.imgSrc = ''
      this.showImg = false
    }
  }
}   
</script>

相关文档：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45031595/article/details/112269851